DonorTrail

Donor

Jaye, Brian

Rochester, MI · on Unemployment · Lawyer

$81,928
Total given
801
Contributions
Jan 31, 2021
First on record

FEC data through Jun 26, 2026

Contribution ledger

Showing 500 most recent
DateRecipient committeeAmountFiling
Dec 31, 2024Progress Is Not an Image$100.00view
Dec 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Dec 20, 2024Progress Is Not an Image$100.00view
Dec 4, 2024Progress Is Not an Image$100.00view
Nov 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Nov 16, 2024Progress Is Not an Image$300.00view
Oct 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Oct 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Oct 19, 2024Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress$3.00view
Sep 25, 2024Actblue$250.00view
Sep 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Sep 19, 2024Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress$3.00view
Sep 3, 2024Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress$126.00view
Aug 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Aug 19, 2024Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress$3.00view
Jul 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jul 19, 2024Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez for Congress$3.00view
Jun 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jun 1, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$12.00view
May 22, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
May 10, 2024Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$65.00view
Dec 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Dec 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Dec 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Dec 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Nov 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Nov 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Nov 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Nov 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Oct 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Oct 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Oct 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Oct 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Sep 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Sep 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Sep 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Sep 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Sep 12, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Aug 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Aug 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Aug 16, 2023Actblue$150.00view
Aug 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Aug 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Aug 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Aug 12, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jul 26, 2023Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$6,184.00view
Jul 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Jul 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jul 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jul 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Jul 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Jul 13, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jul 13, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jul 12, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jul 12, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jun 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jun 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Jun 21, 2023Actblue$100.00view
Jun 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jun 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Jun 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Jun 12, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Jun 6, 2023Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$1,500.00view
Jun 5, 2023Actblue$1,500.00view
May 27, 2023Actblue$30.00view
May 25, 2023Actblue$30.00view
May 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
May 22, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
May 15, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
May 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
May 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
May 1, 2023Actblue$20.00view
Apr 24, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Apr 23, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Apr 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Apr 21, 2023Actblue$100.00view
Apr 17, 2023Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$30.00view
Apr 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Apr 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Apr 9, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Apr 2, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Mar 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Mar 20, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Mar 16, 2023Actblue$20.00view
Mar 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Mar 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Mar 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Mar 2, 2023Actblue$100.00view
Mar 1, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 28, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 26, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 24, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Feb 20, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 20, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 18, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 17, 2023Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$2,495.00view
Feb 17, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 16, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 16, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 15, 2023Actblue$30.00view
Feb 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 12, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Feb 2, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jan 30, 2023Actblue$20.00view
Jan 22, 2023Actblue$40.00view
Jan 17, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jan 14, 2023Actblue$10.00view
Jan 14, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jan 9, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jan 2, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Jan 1, 2023Actblue$5.00view
Dec 31, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Dec 31, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Dec 30, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$20.00view
Dec 30, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Dec 30, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Dec 27, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Dec 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Nov 28, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Nov 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Nov 14, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$10.00view
Nov 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Oct 23, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Oct 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Oct 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Sep 30, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$140.00view
Sep 25, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Sep 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Sep 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Aug 24, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Aug 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Aug 17, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$25.00view
Aug 16, 2022Actblue$25.00view
Aug 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Aug 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 31, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 29, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jul 24, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jul 22, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Jul 18, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jul 17, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jul 17, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 14, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jul 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jul 12, 2022Actblue$75.00view
Jul 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jul 4, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$105.00view
Jun 23, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Jun 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Jun 20, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jun 19, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jun 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jun 13, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jun 10, 2022Actblue$115.00view
Jun 1, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Jun 1, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$1,450.00view
May 29, 2022Actblue-$100.00view
May 23, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
May 22, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
May 20, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 20, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 20, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 19, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 19, 2022Actblue$10.00view
May 19, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 18, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 18, 2022Actblue$5.00view
May 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
May 3, 2022Actblue$10.00view
May 2, 2022Actblue$10.00view
May 1, 2022Actblue$10.00view
May 1, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 26, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Apr 24, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Apr 22, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Apr 20, 2022Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$175.00view
Apr 19, 2022Actblue$175.00view
Apr 19, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Apr 18, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 12, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 10, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 9, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Apr 8, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 8, 2022Actblue$15.00view
Apr 7, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Apr 7, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Apr 5, 2022Actblue$85.00view
Apr 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Apr 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Apr 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Apr 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 29, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 28, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 28, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 27, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 26, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 25, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 24, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 24, 2022Actblue$2.00view
Mar 24, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 24, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 24, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 22, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 22, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 21, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 20, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 20, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 20, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 19, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 18, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 18, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 18, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 17, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 17, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 17, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 17, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 16, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 15, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Mar 14, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 13, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 13, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 12, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 11, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 10, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 9, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 8, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 8, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 7, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 6, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 5, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 5, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 5, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 5, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 5, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 4, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 3, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 3, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 3, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 3, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 3, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 2, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Mar 1, 2022Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$8,327.00view
Feb 27, 2022Actblue$200.00view
Feb 27, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 27, 2022Actblue$5.00view
Feb 27, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 27, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 26, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 26, 2022Actblue$70.00view
Feb 25, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 25, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 25, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 25, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 24, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 24, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 24, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 24, 2022Actblue$50.00view
Feb 23, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 23, 2022Actblue$70.00view
Feb 23, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 23, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 23, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 22, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 22, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 22, 2022Actblue$50.00view
Feb 22, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 22, 2022Actblue$200.00view
Feb 21, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 21, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 21, 2022Actblue$70.00view
Feb 21, 2022Actblue$200.00view
Feb 21, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 20, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 20, 2022Actblue$80.00view
Feb 20, 2022Actblue$50.00view
Feb 19, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 19, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 19, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 19, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 18, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 18, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 18, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 17, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 17, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Feb 17, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 17, 2022Actblue$60.00view
Feb 16, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 16, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 16, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 16, 2022Actblue$200.00view
Feb 15, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 15, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 15, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$60.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 14, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Feb 13, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 12, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 12, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 12, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 12, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 12, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 11, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Feb 10, 2022Actblue$90.00view
Feb 10, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 10, 2022Actblue$500.00view
Feb 10, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 9, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Feb 9, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 9, 2022Actblue$70.00view
Feb 8, 2022Actblue$80.00view
Feb 8, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 8, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 7, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 7, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 6, 2022Actblue$180.00view
Feb 5, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 5, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 5, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 5, 2022Actblue$60.00view
Feb 4, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 4, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 4, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 3, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Feb 3, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Feb 3, 2022Actblue$80.00view
Feb 1, 2022Actblue$70.00view
Feb 1, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Feb 1, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 31, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 30, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 29, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Jan 29, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 29, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 28, 2022Actblue$40.00view
Jan 25, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 25, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 21, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 20, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 19, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 18, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 17, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 17, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Jan 16, 2022Actblue$35.00view
Jan 16, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 15, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 15, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 14, 2022Actblue$100.00view
Jan 14, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 13, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 13, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 13, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 12, 2022Actblue$35.00view
Jan 11, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 10, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 10, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 9, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 8, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 8, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 8, 2022Actblue$20.00view
Jan 7, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 7, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 6, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 4, 2022Actblue$155.00view
Jan 3, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 2, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Jan 1, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 1, 2022Actblue$30.00view
Jan 1, 2022Actblue$10.00view
Dec 31, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 30, 2021Committee to Elect Brian Jaye$3,400.00view
Dec 30, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 29, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 28, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 28, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 28, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 28, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 27, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 27, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 27, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 26, 2021Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Dec 26, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 26, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 25, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 25, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 24, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 23, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 22, 2021Actblue$40.00view
Dec 22, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 21, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 21, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 19, 2021Actblue$35.00view
Dec 16, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 13, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 12, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Dec 12, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 11, 2021Actblue$25.00view
Dec 11, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 10, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 10, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 9, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 9, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 9, 2021Actblue$5.00view
Dec 4, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 3, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 2, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Dec 2, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 2, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Dec 1, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 30, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 30, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Nov 30, 2021Actblue$25.00view
Nov 29, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 28, 2021Michigan Democratic State Central Committee$40.00view
Nov 27, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 27, 2021Actblue$400.00view
Nov 27, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Nov 26, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Nov 26, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 25, 2021Actblue$30.00view
Nov 25, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 23, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 23, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 22, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Nov 22, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 22, 2021Actblue$40.00view
Nov 21, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 20, 2021Actblue$10.00view
Nov 19, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 19, 2021Actblue$20.00view
Nov 18, 2021Actblue$20.00view

Each filing link opens the original FEC document image. Itemized contributions only (generally those above the FEC’s $200 itemization threshold).